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Vanguard offers a wide range of mutual funds and ETFs, so why did we select these investments for your consideration in the cost comparison? They were chosen because of their similarity to your current investment. That includes investment objectives, styles, and categories.
Stock and bond fundsWe select Vanguard stock and bond funds primarily based on their matching Morningstar category. When there are multiple Vanguard funds in a specific category, we narrow the results by using characteristics including a fund’s median market capitalization (for equity funds), effective duration (for fixed income funds), and then additional criteria if necessary. In some cases, there may not be a match.
Note: More than 90 Vanguard funds offer Admiral Shares, which have lower costs than Investor Shares. We use a fund’s Admiral Shares class when available.
Exchange-traded fundsFor ETFs, we apply the Morningstar category as the first selection criteria. If necessary, we narrow the results using an ETF’s primary index and median market cap (for equity ETFs) and effective duration (for fixed income ETFs).
ExclusionsWe exclude the following funds from the calculations: all Vanguard funds that are closed to new investors; all Vanguard Tax-Managed Funds; Vanguard Managed Payout Fund; all mutual funds with a $100,000 minimum investment; and FTSE Social Index Fund, High Dividend Yield Index Fund, and Dividend Appreciation Index Fund.
Considering costs and other factorsCosts are important when choosing investments because you can control how much you spend on costs. Costs aren’t the only thing to focus on, however. It’s also smart to keep in mind your personal goals, the length of time you plan to invest, and your tolerance for risk.
The less you pay in investment expenses, the more of your returns you get to keep—an advantage that can compound over time. That's why it can be smart to choose a fund or an exchange-traded fund (ETF) with a lower expense ratio. See how much you could save by comparing your fund's costs with the costs of a similar Vanguard fund or ETF.
Before investing, always consider whether a fund or an ETF is appropriate for your financial goals and understand its investment objectives, strategies, and risks.
Compare your fund's or ETF's costs to the costs of a similar Vanguard fund or ETF
Enter a non-Vanguard fund or ETF
You must buy and sell Vanguard ETF Shares through a broker, who may charge commissions. Vanguard ETF Shares are not redeemable directly with the issuing Fund other than in very large aggregations worth millions of dollars. ETFs are subject to market volatility. When buying or selling an ETF, you will pay or receive the current market price, which may be more or less than net asset value.