Stock mutual funds and ETFs aim to provide long-term growth—unlike bond funds, which focus on income. In exchange for more growth potential, however, you're likely to experience more ups and downs in the value of your investment.
A stock fund could give you access to hundreds—sometimes thousands—of stocks, which spreads out risk more than owning individual stocks.
Here are a few questions to ask yourself when considering Vanguard stock funds for your portfolio:
When looking for a stock fund, consider these 2 characteristics:
Different types of stocks will expose you to different types and levels of risk. Knowing the general terms used to describe specific stock characteristics can help you assess how comfortable you are with the risks involved with investing.
For example, you can choose stock funds and ETFs based on the average size, or capitalization, of the companies they invest in. In general, smaller companies' stocks can be riskier than larger companies' stocks, but smaller companies can reward that risk with more potential for growth.
A combination of index and active strategies can help you meet your goals. Many people start with a core portfolio of index funds and then add actively managed funds for certain market segments.
You have a chance to keep pace with market returns because index funds try to mirror certain market segments. But not all index funds are created equal.
Or you can try to beat market returns with investments hand-picked by professional money managers. You may be surprised by our active funds' performance.
Discover our active funds' quiet success story
Want to see a side-by-side comparison of the 2 types of funds?
Investing in both U.S. and international stock funds can add another level of diversification to an already well-balanced portfolio.
Get a list of:
Vanguard U.S. stock mutual funds
You can choose a fund that invests solely in a specific sector of the market, like health care, technology, or telecommunications.
But remember, these funds have a very narrow focus and expose you to more risk. Sector and specialty funds should only be used to supplement an already diversified portfolio.
You can use just a few funds to complete the stock portion of your portfolio. Each of these investments gives you access to a wide variety of stocks in a single, diversified fund.
Get details on:
Vanguard Total Stock Market Index Fund (VTSAX)
Vanguard Total International Stock Index Fund (VTIAX)
You must buy and sell Vanguard ETF Shares through Vanguard Brokerage Services (we offer them commission-free) or through another broker (which may charge commissions). See the Vanguard Brokerage Services commission and fee schedules for full details. Vanguard ETF Shares are not redeemable directly with the issuing fund other than in very large aggregations worth millions of dollars. ETFs are subject to market volatility. When buying or selling an ETF, you will pay or receive the current market price, which may be more or less than net asset value.
All investing is subject to risk, including the possible loss of the money you invest. Diversification does not ensure a profit or protect against a loss.
Funds that concentrate on a relatively narrow market sector face the risk of higher share-price volatility. Investments in stocks issued by non-U.S. companies are subject to risks including country/regional risk, which is the chance that political upheaval, financial troubles, or natural disasters will adversely affect the value of securities issued by companies in foreign countries or regions; and currency risk, which is the chance that the value of a foreign investment, measured in U.S. dollars, will decrease because of unfavorable changes in currency exchange rates.
For more information about Vanguard mutual funds and ETFs, visit Vanguard mutual fund prospectuses or Vanguard ETF prospectuses to obtain a prospectus or, if available, a summary prospectus. Investment objectives, risks, charges, expenses, and other important information are contained in the prospectus; read and consider it carefully before investing.